Quartz 4

đŸ‡”đŸ‡č🗣 Portuguese language

18 min read

Vocabulary

Greetings and replies

  • Good night (“night” defined as after sunset) :: boa noite
  • Tudo bem, e consigo? ::: I’m good (literally, all good), and you (literally, with you)?
  • Estou bem (sh-too; neutral) ::: I’m good.
  • Estou Ăłtimo! ::: I’m great
  • mais ou menus (mijh oh meinosh) ::: So so (literally “more or less”)
  • Prazer ::: nice to meet you (literally “pleasure”)
  • Obrigado (o-bree-gah-doo). Igualmente! ::: Thanks! Same to you (literally “equally”)
  • Ora essa! or De nada (duh nad-uh) ::: You’re welcome
  • Se faz favor (suh fahj fuvor) ::: Please (less intensity than “por favor”) or please excuse me (e.g., when entering a shop; “I need help”)
  • Por favor (pore fuvor) ::: Please (begging)
  • como te chamas (como tuh sha-mush) ::: “What is your name?” (literally “How are you called?“)
  • Qual Ă© o teu nome? (qual eh oo too nome-uh) ::: “What is your name?”
  • O meu nome Ă© Devon (o moo nome ey) ::: My name is Devon
  • Chamo-me Devon (shamo muh) ::: I am called (I call myself Devon)
  • Muito prazer! (moo-een-toe) ::: Very nice to meet you
  • Oi ::: hi
  • adues (ah-dey-ush) ::: goodbye; go with god
  • xau/xau xau or tchau (shau) ::: bye (informal)
  • Prazer em conhecĂȘ-lo! (eim coonye-sey-loo) ::: pleasure in meeting you (masculine)
  • Prazer em conhecĂȘ-la! (eim coonye-sey-lah) ::: pleasure in meeting you (feminine)
  • como estĂĄ? (coo-moo shta) ::: how are you (formal)
  • como estĂĄs? (coo-moo shtash) ::: how are you (informal)
  • estou bon ::: I’m good (masculine)
  • estou boa ::: I’m good (feminine)
  • Ăłtimo (by itself as interjection) ::: sounds great
  • Estou mal (shtou mall) ::: I’m bad (not very common)
  • NĂŁo estou muito bem! (now shtou moo-een-toe) ::: I’m not very good
  • desculpe (duh-shculp) ::: I’m sorry or excuse me
  • Com licença (coo lee-sen-sa) ::: excuse me (to pass)
  • Tiveste uma boa semana? (tee-vesht-uh) ::: Did you have a good week?

Questions

  • QuestĂ”es (kesh-toish) or perguntas (pear-goon-tush) ::: questions
  • QuestĂŁo (kush-tao) ::: question
  • fazer uma pergunta ::: ask a question (literally, to make a question)
  • perguntar ::: question (verb)
  • Como ::: How?
    • Como fazem isso (coo-moo faz-ey ee-soo)? ::: How do they do it?
    • Como estĂĄs? (informal; coo-moo shtash) or Como estĂĄ? (formal; coo-moo shta) ::: How are you?
    • Como Ă© que eu (ehoo) chego lĂĄ?- How do I get there? (literally, How do I arrive there?)
  • O quĂȘ (oo keh/oo kuh) ::: What?
    • EstĂĄs a fazer o quĂȘ? (shtaz uh fa-zed oo keh) ::: What are you doing?
    • O que Ă© aquilo (oo kuh eh uh-keeloo) ::: What is that (far from speaker and listener)?
  • Quem ::: Who?
    • Quem Ă© ele? (eh ill)
    • Quem Ă© aquele? (eh akeluh) ::: Who is that?
    • Quem disse isso? (dee-suh ee-soo) ::: Who said that?
    • Quem Ă©s tu miĂșda? (esh too mee-yooda) ::: Who are you girl?
    • Quem vai lĂĄ estar? ::: Who is going to be there? (literally, “who is going to there be?“)
  • Quanto/Quantos (kwan-too/kwan-toosh) ::: How much? or How many?
    • Quanto custa (coosh-tah) um cafĂ©? ::: How much does a coffee cost?
    • Quantos anos tens? (kwan-tose an-oosh tine-sh) ::: How old are you? (literally, How many years do you have?)
    • Quantas irmĂŁs tens? ::: How many sisters do you have?
    • Quantas palavras tu sabes? (kwan-tush palav-rdas too sab-ush) ::: How many words do you know?
  • Onde (on-duh) ::: Where?
    • De ondo (tu) Ă©s (duh on-duh esh) ::: Where are you from?
    • De onde (vocĂȘ) Ă©? ::: Where are you from? formal
    • Onde Ă© que moras? (on-duh kuh morash) ::: Where do you live?
    • Onde estĂŁo as chaves? (on-duh shtao as shavej) ::: Where are the keys?
    • Onde fica o banco? ::: Where is the bank (located)?
    • Onde Ă© o banco? ::: Where is the bank?
    • Onde fica o supermercado? ::: Where is the supermarket located?
    • Onde Ă© o supermercado? ::: Where is the supermarket?
  • Qual (kwal) ::: Which (one)? or sometimes What?
    • Qual queres? (kwal keresh) ::: Which one do you want?
    • Qual Ă© o melhor? (kwal eh oo mey-or) ::: Which (one) is the best?
  • De quem ::: Whose?
  • PorquĂȘ (poor-kay or, at the first of a sentence, poor-kuh) ::: Why?
  • Quando ::: When?
  • Deixa-me fazer uma pergunta. (dey-sha muh faz-ed uma ped-gunta) :: Let me ask a question

Weather

  • tempo (tem-poo) ::: time or weather
  • EstĂĄ quente! (shta kent) ::: It’s warm
  • calor (kah-loor) ::: hot
  • EstĂĄ calor! (shta kah-loor) ::: It’s hot
  • EstĂĄ muito calor em Portugal. (shta mueen-toe kah-loor eim poor-too-gahl) ::: It’s very hot in Portugal
  • esta frio (shta free-oh) ::: It’s cold
  • EstĂĄ nublado (shta noo-blah-doo) ::: it’s cloudy
  • nuvem ::: cloud
  • EstĂĄ a chover (shta a sho-ved) ::: It’s raining
  • chuva (shu-vah) ::: rain (noun)
  • EstĂĄ a nevar ::: it’s snowing
  • neve (nev) ::: snow (noun)
  • Como estĂĄ o tempo (em Portugal)? (coo-moo shta oo tem-poo eim poor-too-gahl) ::: How is the weather (in Portugal)?
  • O tempo estĂĄ mau (oo tem-poo shta maw) ::: The weather is bad
  • EstĂĄ sol! (shta sole) ::: It’s sunny!
  • EstĂŁo trinte graus (shtaou tdeen-tuh gdaush) ::: It’s 30 degrees
  • estĂŁ um grau (shta oo gdau) ::: It’s 1 degree
  • Qual Ă© a temperatura? (kwal eh uh tem-ped-ah-tud-ah) ::: What is the temperature?
  • EstĂŁo cinco graus negativos. (shtaou seen-koo gdaush ney-gah-tee-vohs) or EstĂŁo menos cinco graus (meu-noosh) ::: It’s 5 degrees negative (or minus 5 degrees)
  • Estou com frio. ::: I am cold (I am with cold)

Subject Pronouns

singular

  • eu ::: I
  • tu ::: you (informal)
  • vocĂȘ ::: you (formal)
  • ele (ell; almost “ill”) ::: he
  • ela (ella) ::: she

plural

  • nós (noe-sh) ::: we
  • vocês (vo-seish) ::: you all
  • eles (ellsh; almost “illsh”) ::: masculine/neutral they
  • elas (ellash) ::: feminine they

Possessive Pronouns

  • o meu / a minha / os meus / as minhas ::: my or mine
  • o teu / a tua / os teus / as tuas ::: your or yours (informal, singular)
  • o seu / a sua / os seus / as suas ::: his, her or hers, your or yours (formal, singular), their or theirs
  • o nosso / a nossa / os nossos / as nossas ::: our or ours
  • o vosso / a vossa / os vossos / as vossas ::: your or yours (plural)

Example Sentences

  • O seu cĂŁo Ă© bonito e forte. ::: Your dog is pretty and strong
  • A sua foto Ă© bonita. ::: Your photo is pretty.
  • Gosto muito do Roberto. O seu filho Ă© um gĂ©nio (JHEN-yoo). ::: I really like Robert. His son is a genius
  • A Joana Ă© fofinha. O seu cabelo Ă© suave (soo-AV-uh). ::: Joana is a cute little girl. Her hair is soft.
    • “Her” is masculine because cabelo (hair) is masculine
  • O seu cĂŁo chama-se Patusco. ::: Your/his/her dog is called Patusco

Numbers

  • numeros (noo-mer-oosh) ::: numbers
  • 0 :: zero (zair-oo; almost bury the ‘oo’)
  • 1 or a/an :: um (nasalization)/uma
  • 2 :: dois (doy-she)/duas (doo-ash)
  • 3 :: trĂȘs (t-dey-sh; ‘e’ is the same sound as in ‘ele’)
  • 4 :: quatro (kwa-troo)
  • 5 :: cinco (sink-oo)
  • 6 :: seis (sie-sh)
  • 7 :: sete (set)
  • 8 :: oito (oy-too)
  • 9 :: nove (nov-uh)
  • 10 :: dez (desh)
  • 11 :: onze (ownz)
  • 12 :: doze (doze)
  • 13 :: treze (trez)
  • 14 :: quatorze/catorze (KUH-tors)
  • 15 :: quinze (keen-zuh)
  • 16 :: dezasseis (duz-uh-siesh)
  • 17 :: dezassete (duz-uh-set)
  • 18 :: dezoito (duz-oito)
  • 19 :: dezanove (duz-UH-nov)
  • 20 :: vinte (veent)
  • 21 :: vinte e um (veent ee u)
  • 22 :: vinte e dois (veent ee )
  • 30 :: trinta (treen-tuh)
  • 40 :: quarenta
  • 50 ::: cinquenta (seen-quen-tah)
  • 60 ::: sessenta
  • 70 ::: setenta
  • 80 ::: oitenta
  • 90 ::: noventa (noo-venta)
  • 100 ::: cem (siy, nasalated)
  • numbers over 100 :: cento (sen-too)
  • 200 ::: duzentos
  • 300 ::: trezentos
  • 400 ::: quatrocentos
  • 500 ::: quinhentos
  • 500 ::: quinhentos
  • 600 ::: seiscentos (sie-shentoosh)
  • 700 ::: setecentos
  • 800 ::: oitocentos
  • 900 ::: novecentos
  • 1,000 ::: mil (meel)
  • 2,000 ::: dois mil (meel)
  • 2022 ::: dois mil e vinte e dois
  • Estamos no ano dois mil e vinte e dois. :: It’s the year 2022. (We are in the year 2022.)
  • 9,999 ::: nove mil novecentos e noventa e nove
  • Eu nasci no ano de ::: I was born in the year of

  • 10 000 ::: dez (desh) mil
  • 200 000 ::: duzentos mil
  • 999,999 ::: novecentos e noventa e nove mil novecentos e noventa e nove
  • 1 000 000 ::: um milhĂŁo
  • placement of “and” (“e”) between numbers :: Use between hundreds/tens and tens/ones. Do not use between thousands and hundreds.
  • comma in numbers :: separator for fractional numbers
  • dot in numbers :: separator for thousands (although more commonly just a space is used)
  • space in numbers :: separator for thousands

Months

  • meses (me-zhus) ::: months
  • mes (mej) ::: month
  • Janeiro (juh-nie-roo) ::: January
  • Fevereiro (fuh-vuh-die-doo) ::: February
  • Março ::: March
  • abril (ah-BREEL) ::: April
  • maio ::: May
  • junho (jhoon-yoo) ::: June
  • julho (joo-yoo) ::: July
  • Agosto (aah-gho-shtoo) ::: August
  • Setembro ::: September
  • Outubro ::: October
  • Novembro (noo-vem-bdoo) ::: November
  • Dezembro (duh-zem-broo) ::: December
  • os doze meses do ano ::: The 12 months of the year

Days

  • dias da semana (dee-ush duh suh-mah-nuh) ::: days of the week
  • Sabado (SAH-bah-doo;de-emphasize last syllable) ::: Saturday
  • Domingo (DOO-min-goo;de-emphasize last syllable) ::: Sunday
  • segunda-feira (fira) ::: Monday
  • Terça-feira (tair-suh fira) ::: Tuesday
  • Quarta-feira (fira) ::: Wednesday
  • Quinta-feira (keen-tuh fira) ::: Thursday
  • Sexta-feira (sie-shta fira) ::: Friday
  • feriado (furee-ah-doo; very light on ‘u’ in ‘furee’) ::: holiday
  • ferias (ferry-ush) ::: vacation
  • fim de semana ::: end of week
  • faltam quatro dias para domingo ::: (missing) four days to Sunday
  • Hoje (ojh) Ă© quarta-feira ::: Today is Wednesday
  • Que dia Ă© hoje (ojh)? ::: What day is it today?

Time

  • Que horas sĂŁo? (kuh or-ush saow) ::: What time is it?
  • SĂŁo oito (8) da noite ::: It’s 8 in the evening
  • SĂŁo oito (8) da manhĂŁ ::: It’s 8 in the morning
  • manhĂŁ (mahn-ya) ::: morning
  • É uma da tarde. ::: It’s 1 in the afternoon
  • É uma. ::: It’s one

Seasons

  • verĂŁo (vuh-rauoh; nasalated) ::: summer
  • outono (o-too-noo) ::: fall
  • inverno ::: winter
  • primavera ::: spring (means first summer)

Verbs

  • fazer ::: to do/to make
  • confiar ::: to trust
  • tenho andado/estado ::: I have been

Word Modifiers

Prefixes

  • des- (duz) ::: prefix meaning not/un
    • desfazer ::: undo
    • Eu desfaço ::: I undo
    • fazer a cama ::: make the bed
    • desfazer a cama ::: unmake the bed
    • uma cama desfeita ::: an unmade bed
    • desemprego ::: unemployment
    • desonesto ::: dishonest (loses the “h” since it isn’t pronounced)
    • desconfiar ::: to suspect (of a transgression)
    • desfalecer ::: to pass out
    • descair ::: something is starting to fall; dropping slowly
    • desinquietar ::: disturb peace more
  • ante- ::: prefix meaning comes before
    • antebraço ::: forearm
    • anteontem (ahn-tee-ohn-tie; nasal) ::: day before yesterday
    • de antemĂŁo ::: beforehand
  • de- ::: prefix meaning separation
    • decapitar ::: behead or separating the head
    • decair ::: decay or decline
    • decadente ::: prone to decay
  • in- ::: prefix meaning usually means opposite
    • inquietar ::: disturbing peace
  • sobre- ::: prefix meaning “over” (too much of something)
    • sobrepor ::: put something above (formal)
    • Sinto-me sobrecarregado. ::: I feel overloaded (hectic)

Suffixes

  • -mente ::: suffix that makes the word into an adverb
    • excessivamente- excessively
    • bondosamente ::: kindly (person; from “bom” meaning good)
  • -oso (oh-zoo) or -osa (oh-zah) ::: suffix that makes the word describe a person
    • bondoso ::: kind (person; from “bom” meaning good)
    • malicioso ::: malicious or evil (person; from “mau” meaning bad)
    • famoso ::: famous (from “fama” meaning “fame”)
  • -dade (daa-duh) ::: suffix meaning the ability to do something or have something
    • credibilidade (cruh-duh-bee-daa-duh) ::: credibility
    • responsabilidade (guttural ushpons-uh-bee-lee-dahd) ::: responsibility
  • -ismo (eej-moo) ::: suffix like “ism” in English
    • patriotism :: patriotismo (pah-tree-oo-teej-moo)
    • racism :: racismo (guttural-ah-seej-moo)
    • tourism :: turismo (too-reej-moo)
    • cristianismo ::: Christian
    • judaĂ­smo ::: Judaism
    • islamismo ::: Islam

Word Selection

Sentences

  • NĂłs falamos com a mĂŁe. ::: We speak with mother
  • Estou sĂł (soh) a brincar ::: I’m just kidding.
  • Isto Ă© Ăłptimo! ::: This is great!
  • Ele esta a estudar Portugues ::: He is studying Portuguese

Conversations

  • “Tudo bem?” (All good?) :: “Tudo bem” (All good.)
  • “Quantos anos tens?” (How old are you?; literally, how many years do you have?) :: “Eu tenho trinta e nove anos” (I have 39 years)
    • “Tiveste uma boa semana?” (tee-vesh-tuh ooma booa sum-ahnah; Did you have a good week?) :: “Sim, tive!” (teev-uh; yes, I had), “tive” (I had), or “Por acaso tive” (by chance, I had)
    • “Que dia Ă© hoje? (kuh dee-uh eh oje; What day is today?)” :: “Hoje Ă© dia oito de setembro de dois mil e vinte e dois.” (oje eh dee-uh oy-too duh set-em-bdoo duh doysh meel ee veent ee doysh; today is day 8 of September of 2022)
    • “Como tens andado?” (How have you been?)-
  • Tocas (tohck-ush) algum instrumento? (Do you play any instrument?) :: NĂŁo, nĂŁo toco (tohck-oo). (No, I don’t.)

Misc Vocabulary

  • bem ::: good (neutral gender) or well
  • casa (ka-za) ::: house
  • caça (ka-sa) ::: hunting
  • caça ao tesouro ::: game like a scavenger hunt (literally “hunt for treasure”)
  • coração ::: heart
  • cu ::: colloquial for your butt
  • -mente ending ::: ending meaning “in a state of”
  • feliz (fuh-leesh)::: happy
  • felizmente ::: fortunately, luckily (in a happy state)
  • rapidamente ::: quickly
  • rĂĄpido (rah-pee-doo) ::: quick
  • miĂșdo ::: boy
  • miĂșda ::: girl
  • fica ::: is (located)
  • anos (an-oosh) ::: years
  • Ăąnus (an-oosh) ::: anus
  • trava-lĂ­nguas (tdava lin-gwash) ::: tongue-twisters (literally, tongue stoppers)
  • exemplos ::: examples
  • com ::: with
  • pai (pie) ::: father
  • mĂŁe (ma-ee) ::: mother
  • pais (pie-sh) ::: parents
  • paĂ­s (pah-eesh) ::: country
  • pĂŁo (nasal) ::: bread
  • pĂŁes ::: bread plural
  • pau (pow) ::: stick
  • cidadĂ”es ::: citizens
  • quarto ::: bedroom (four walls) or 4th (as in 1/4th or 4th place)
  • futebol ::: football (soccer)
  • sĂł (soh) ::: just or lonely
  • sozinho ::: alone
  • Sozinho em casa ::: Home Alone (literally Alone at Home)
  • pessoa ::: person (always feminine)
  • feitiço (fie-tee-soo) ::: spell
  • fĂȘmea ::: female (used more to describe animals than humans)
  • mulher ::: woman or wife
  • marido, esposo ::: husband
  • esposa ::: wife
  • amanhĂŁ ::: tomorrow
  • fixe (feesh) ::: cool (slang meaning something is good)
  • caneta ::: pen
  • caro (car-oo) ::: expensive
  • jogo (jhaw-goo) ::: game (even video game)
  • jogar (jhoo-gaad) ::: play (a game, sport)
  • tocar (too-caad) ::: play (instrument; touching)
  • brincar (bdeen-caad) ::: playing (with a child or kidding)
  • toque (tohck-uh) ::: touch
  • estudante (SHTU-dant-uh) ::: student or person who studies
  • alunos ::: student of someone; a pupil
  • teacher :: professor
  • essay :: redação (guttural ‘r’; ruh-duh-sao; nasalation)
  • carro ::: car
  • na loja ::: at/in shop
  • mau ::: bad (adjective)
  • mal ::: bad (adverb)
  • bom ::: good
  • emprego ::: employment (job)
  • honesto (oo-nesh-to) ::: honest
  • falecer (ful-sed) ::: pass away (euphemism)
  • braço ::: arm
  • mĂŁo ::: hand
  • LĂ­ngua Portuguesa ::: Portuguese language
  • aula ::: class
  • irmĂŁos ::: brothers or siblings
  • irmĂŁs ::: sisters
  • ovo (Ăł; oh-voo) ::: egg
  • ovos (Ăł; ah-voosh) ::: eggs
  • avĂŽ (eh-voh) ::: grandfather
  • avĂł (eh-vaah) ::: grandmother
  • avĂłs (ah-vash) ::: grandparents
  • farmĂĄcia ::: pharmacy
  • abecedĂĄrio (obs-uh-dadioo) ::: alphabet
  • teatro ::: theater
  • ĂĄudio (ow-dioo) ::: audio
  • vĂ­deo (vee-dee-oo) ::: video
  • carregado ::: loaded
  • musica ::: art of music or song
  • moto/mota/motocicleta ::: motorcycle
  • bicicleta ::: bicycle
  • fotografia ::: photograph or photgraphy
    • foto (is feminine) ::: picture or photo
  • mais ::: more

Pronunciation

  • c with e or i ::: c is pronounced like s
  • c with a, o, u ::: c is pronounced like k
  • ç ::: pronounced s regardless of vowel
  • z before end of word or before consonant ::: z is pronounced like sh (unvoiced; no throat vibration; like j)

Grammar

Verb Conjugation

Present Tense, Regular Verb

Falar

  • Eu falo ::: I speak
  • Tu falas (falash) ::: You speak
  • Ele/Ella fala ::: He/She speaks
  • NĂłs falamos ::: We speak
  • Vocês falam ::: You (plural) speak
  • Eles/Elas falam ::: They speak
  • Eu estou a falar ::: I am talking

Andar

  • Eu ando ::: I walk/ride
  • Tu andas ::: You walk/ride
  • ele/ela anda ::: He/she walks/rides
  • NĂłs andamos ::: We walk/ride
  • Vocês andam ::: You (plural) walk/ride
  • Eles/Elas andam ::: They walk/ride
Example Sentences
  • Ele anda na praia ::: He walks at the beach

Escrever

  • Eu escrevo (shcray-voo) ::: I write
  • Tu escreves (shcray-vush) ::: you write
  • Ele/ela escreve (shcrehv-uh) ::: he/she writes
  • NĂłs escrevemos (shcruh-VEY-moosh) ::: we write
  • Vocês escrevem (shcray-vei) ::: you (plural) write
  • Eles/elas escrevem (shcray-vei) ::: they write

Existir

  • Eu existo (ih-zeesht-oo) ::: I exist
  • Tu existes (ih-zeesht-ush) ::: you exist
  • Ele/ela existe (ih-zeesht) ::: he/she exists
  • NĂłs existimos (ih-zeesht-ee-moosh) ::: we exist
  • Vocês existem (ih-zee-shtei; nasal) ::: you (plural) exist
  • Eles/elas existem (ih-zee-shtei; ::: they exist

Irregular Verbs

Estar

  • eu estou (eh-oo shtoo) ::: I am (temporary)
  • tu estĂĄs (too shtash) ::: you are (temporary)
  • ele/ela estĂĄ (shta) ::: he/she is (temporary)
  • nos estamos (shta-moosh) ::: we are (temporary)
  • voces estĂŁo (shtaow) ::: you (plural) are (temporary)
  • eles/elas estĂŁo (shtaow) ::: they are (temporary)
Example Sentences
  • Eu estou em Londres ::: I am in London
  • Eu estou ocupado ::: I am busy

Ser

  • eu sou (eh-oo soo) ::: I am (permanent)
  • tu es (too esh) ::: you are (permanent)
  • ele/ela Ă© (eh) ::: he/she is (permanent)
  • nos somos ::: we are (permanent)
  • voces sĂŁo (sow, nasal) ::: you (plural) are (permanent)
  • eles/elas sĂŁo (sow, nasal) ::: they are (permanent)
Example Sentences
  • Eu sou uma pessoa ocupada. ::: I am a busy person.
  • el e brilhante (BREE-yant) ::: He is brilliant

Saber

  • eu sei (eh-oo sigh) ::: I know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
  • tu sabes (too sab-ush) ::: you know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
  • ele/ela sabe (sab-uh) ::: he/she know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
  • nos sabemos (sab-uh-moosh) ::: we know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
  • voces sabeis (sab-eish) ::: you (plural) know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
  • eles/elas sabem (sab-eiy, nasalated) ::: they know (knowledge, facts, or skills)
Example Sentences
  • Sabes quem Ă© o Michael Jackson? ::: Do you know who is Michael Jackson?

Conhecer

  • eu conheço (eh-oo coon-yeh-soo) ::: I know (familiarity)
  • tu conheces (too coon-yeh-sesh) ::: you know (familiarity)
  • ele/ela conhece (coon-yeh-seh) ::: he/she knows (familiarity)
  • nos conhecemos (coon-yeh-seh-moosh) ::: we know (familiarity)
  • voces conheceis (coon-yeh-siesh) ::: you (plural) know (familiarity)
  • eles/elas conhecem (coon-yeh-sie, nasalated) ::: they know (familiarity)
Example Sentences
  • Conheces o Michael Jackson? ::: Do you know (have met) Michael Jackson?

Ter

  • eu tenho (tine-yu) ::: I have
  • tu tens (tine-sh) ::: you have
  • ele/ela/voce tem (tie; nasal) ::: he/she have
  • nos temos (tay-moosh) ::: we have
  • VocĂȘs tĂȘm (tie-ie) ::: you (plural) have
  • eles/elas tĂȘm (tie-ie) ::: they have
Example Sentences
  • Tu tens uma filha.- You have a daughter
  • Eu tenho um carro vermelho- I have a red car

ver

  • eu vejo (vie-jhoo) ::: I see
  • tu vĂȘs (veysh) ::: you see
  • ele/ela/voce (vee) vĂȘ ::: he/she/formal you see
  • NĂłs vemos (vey-moosh) ::: we see
  • VocĂȘs/ Eles vĂȘem (vee-i; nasalated) ::: you (plural)/they see
Example sentences
  • Eu vejo bem!- I see well

ouvir (oh-veed)

  • Eu oiço/ ouço (oy-soo Lisbon or oh-soo North Porto) ::: I hear or listen
  • Tu ouves ::: you hear or listen
  • Ele/ela ouve ::: he/she hears or listens
  • NĂłs ouvimos ::: we hear or listen
  • VocĂȘs/eles/elas ouvem (OH-vie) ::: you (plural)/they hear or listen
Example sentences
  • Ouves a mĂșsica?- Did you hear the music?
  • Tu ouves mĂșsica.- You hear music.

Auxiliary verbs

ir

  • eu vou ::: I go
  • tu vais ::: you go
  • ele/ela/voce vai ::: he/she/you go
  • nos vamos ::: we go
  • voces/eles/elas vĂŁo ::: you (plural)/they go

Demonstratives

Invariable

  • isto ::: this (close to speaker)
    • Isto Ă© brutal! ::: This is awesome
    • O que Ă© isto? ::: What is this?
  • isso ::: that (close to listener)
    • Isso Ă© nojento. ::: That (close) is disgusting.
    • Isso! or É isso! ::: That’s it! (You got the right thing.)
    • Isso Ă© difĂ­cil! ::: (Are you learning Portuguese?) That’s difficult.
  • aquilo ::: that (far from speaker and listener, in space and time)
    • O que Ă© aquilo no cĂ©u (seh-oh)? ::: What is that (distant) in the sky?
    • Eu nĂŁo sei o que foi aquilo. ::: (Someone did something odd that we saw in the past.) I don’t know what that (distant in time) was.

Variable

  • este (ish-tuh) ::: this (masculine)
  • esta (esh-tuh) ::: this (feminine)
  • estes (ish-tush) ::: these (masculine)
  • estas (esh-tush) ::: these (feminine)
  • esse (iss) ::: that (close masculine)
  • essa ::: that (close feminine)
  • esses (iss-ush) ::: those (close masculine)
  • essas (ess-ush) ::: those (close feminine)
  • aquele (uh-kill-uh) ::: that (far masculine)
  • aquela (uh-kell-uh) ::: that (far feminine)
  • aqueles (uh-kill-ush) ::: those (far masculine)
  • aquelas (uh-kell-ush) ::: those (far feminine)

Misc Grammar

  • determines gender of the words ::: the gender of the noun
  • when to use articles with proper nouns :: when proper nouns are third-person

Materials

Greetings in Portuguese

Slides

Audio

Asking Questions in Portuguese

Slides

Audio

![[Perguntas_-revisão.mp3]] ![[perguntas(continuação).mp3]]

Verbs

Slides

Audio

Numbers, Months, and Weekdays

Slides

Audio

Tutoring Sessions

name Add a new language tutoring log
type command
action QuickAdd: New Language Tutoring Session
color green

dv.list(dv.pages('"logs/Portuguese language tutoring"').sort(page => page.file.ctime, 'desc').file.link)

Graph View

Backlinks