Notes

  • “emails”- masculine
  • Portuguese doesn’t have “to look for”
    • procurar (“search for”) instead
  • Nós temos procurado móveis para comprar.- We have been searching for furniture to buy
  • Possessive pronouns always have an article, except “mine” (minha) and “yours” (teu/tua)
  • o teu, o tua, - your
  • o seu, a sua, os seus, as suas- yours (formal), his, hers
  • O seu cão é bonito e forte.- Your dog is pretty and strong
  • Possessive pronouns usually follow the gender of the noun
  • A sua foto é bonita.- Your photo is pretty.
  • Gosto muito do Roberto. O seu filho é um génio (JHEN-yoo).- I really like Robert. His son is a genius
  • A Joana é fofinha. O seu cabelo é suave (soo-AV-uh).- Joana is a cute little girl. Her hair is soft.
    • “Her” is masculine because cabelo (hair) is masculine
  • O cão dele chama-se Patusco.- His dog is called Patusco.
    • de + ele- of him
  • O seu cão chama-se Patusco.- Your/his/her dog is called Patusco
  • pata- paw or female duck
  • pato- male duck
  • A pato ficou sem pata.- The male duck lost his paw or female duck.
  • Ele ficou viúvo ou perneta?- Did he become a widow or paw-less?
  • perneta- without leg
  • maneta- without arm or hand
  • teclado- keyboard
    • keyboard belonging to two women
    • o seu teclado- “o seu” because keyboard is masculine; gender and number of the people doesn’t matter for this possessive pronoun
    • o teclado delas- “delas” because the number and gender of people matters here
  • tecla- keyboard key
  • chave- key for opening
  • In spoken language “o seu” and “a sua” is
  • a tesoura (teh-ZOO-ruh; scissors, but singular) dela é afiada.- The scissors are sharp.
    • Could use “estar” to talk about temporary state, especially if we just sharpened them.
    • afiar- to sharpen
  • afinar- tweak or tune
  • Os remates dele estão afinados.- His kicks are very precise.
  • irregular past participles
    • Don’t necessarily correspond to verbs that have other irregular forms
    • These are called “short” or “formal” past participles
    • ganhar- to win
      • ganhado- (have been) winning (long past participle)
      • ganho- (have) won (short past participle)
      • Eu tenho ganhado prémios (PREH-myoosh).- I have been winning prizes
        • long used with “ter” as auxiliary verb
        • short used with “ser” as auxiliary verb
        • one version used with all verbs
      • O prémio foi ganho por ti.- The prize was won by you
        • passive voice
    • long p. p. ter/ haver (infrequently)
    • short p. p. estar/ ser/ ficar
    • List of long and short: Verbos com particípio passado duplo (II) - Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa
      • Shows which participle can be used with which